Degraded vacuum may preclude meeting the viscosity and flash point specification for the production of paving grade road asphalt or industrial fuel oil. Poor performance of a steam jet in a refinery may cost the refiner $20 000 (US) per day in reduced gas oil recovery from visbreaker bottoms or from delayed coker feed. Poor performance of a steam turbine surface condenser will typically increase the energy requirements to generate electricity by 10%.
Also, steam jets are employed in vacuum towers which are used to produce paving asphalt and lubrication oils. Steam vacuum ejectors, or jets, are widely used in both condensing steam turbine surface condensers used to generate power and drive large compressors.
The majority of vacuum ejectors in refinery services do not perform as per their design.
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